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Yesterday, Mr. Agnelli,
you said in a speech

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that there could no longer be any doubt

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that Italy's system
is on the edge of collapse.

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What is going to happen to
you if Italy does collapse?

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Well, this is a very difficult
question to answer.

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When you say collapse, I think,
"What would happen to me

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if Italy is taken over
by the Communists,

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if Italy becomes like
a country of Eastern Europe?"

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I mean, if whatever we call
a Eurocommunist

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means that even Italy
is going to be an Eurocountry

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like all the Eastern European
countries are,

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I don't think I would like to live
in Italy under those circumstances.

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- One thing...
- But I would try to fight

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as much as I can
for those circumstances not to happen.

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I always said it was dangerous

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to think anything in his presence...

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because he'd pick it up.

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He had an unusual ability

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to understand

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the vibrations of events.

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If you are not an Italian,
to understand

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what Gianni Agnelli was for Italy,

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you must go back to the early '50s.

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After the war,
Italy was nearly destroyed.

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No bridges, no factories,
huge unemployment.

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People were really in poor shape.

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Dying young because of no medical care.

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Then something happened abruptly.

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Was this called "miracolo economico,"

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the economical miracle.

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Suddenly, there was an economic boom

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and lots of industries
and companies sprang up,

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and there was a real energy to rebuild.

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Italy became one of the largest

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industrialized countries in the world.

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The industrial comeback
of Italy is FIAT.

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And it changed Italy completely.

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In the '50s, a lot of people
came to Northern Italy.

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The factories were growing
like mushrooms...

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by the thousands...
really, by the thousands.

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So, the people, they got
cash salary, pension,

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medical care, and the FIAT
medical care was very good,

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school for the children.

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FIAT housing, FIAT holiday camps,

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FIAT kindergartens, FIAT sports fields.

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And finally, they got a car.

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FIAT put the whole of Italy
on four wheels.

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So, all of these was embodied

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in the mind of the Italians

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with the Agnelli family
and particularly with Gianni.

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He was involved with
everything Italians loved...

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sex, cars, and sports.

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Lapo Elkann: He had
soccer with Juventus.

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He had Ferrari with cars.

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You couldn't really miss
Gianni Agnelli.

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People would think
that they invented him.

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Every woman was in love with him.

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Every man wanted to be him.

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He had been a playboy
when he was young,

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but no decent Italian is going
to be dismayed by that.

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He was a man of ideas.

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He became, for many Italians,

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the symbol of what Italy could do,

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the symbol of the Italian renaissance.

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Gianni's grandfather
was Senatore Agnelli,

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who was the founder of FIAT.

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Quite early on, he understood
that mass production

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was the future of the car industry.

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And he was greatly inspired
by American car companies.

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He was a very cunning man.

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Quite ruthless.

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The Italian rubber baron.

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FIAT grew and expanded

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into trucking, airplanes, trains.

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It became the pillar

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of Italian industry.

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Gianni was raised in Torino.

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He had four sisters and two brothers.

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Mrs. Constance Parker
was the English nanny.

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We always had to walk
with Ms. Parker in Turin.

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Side by side, she took us
walking every day

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for one hour at least.

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Cold, snow, wind.

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You have to behave especially well

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because you're an Agnelli.

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But Gianni was very naughty as a child.

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Full of mischief.

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He was breaking all my toys
and that sort of thing.

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I didn't like it so much.

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You know, he liked to tease.

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He was a great joker all his life.

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He teased all of us.
We had long hair.

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He pulled it every time
he passed next to us.

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But he was really nice apart from that.

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He was very charming
and very attractive.

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Girls. Cars and girls.

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That was definitely for him.

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His mother, Virginia Bourbon del Monte,

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was extravagant, eccentric.

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She had a leopard as a pet.

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It was, I would say,

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the... a crazier part
of the family.

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She was quite promiscuous.

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For a woman at her time,
that was very unusual.

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It scandalized European society.

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Gianni's father, Edoardo, was
very interested in the arts.

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He loved the theater.
He loved literature.

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He was in his early 40s,
and he had flown

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to Forte dei Marmi on a seaplane.

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He had just taken off his seatbelt.

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It hit a log and capsized,

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and Edoardo was decapitated by
the propeller of the plane.

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The senatore had to go to the
morgue and identify his son.

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He was devastated.

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He left seven children behind
and a very young wife.

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Gianni was the eldest
and he had to cope with it.

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He had to build himself an armor.

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His grandfather sort of adopted him

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and was the most important
figure in his life.

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He trained Gianni to run FIAT

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and put the structure in place

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to hand the company over
to Gianni as the sole heir.

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Gianni went to America
for the first time in '38.

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He was shocked at how modern the US was

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and how far behind Italy was.

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The Ford plant in Detroit
is a village unto itself

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with its big blast furnaces
and smokestacks.

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At the time, America was

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undisputedly the number one
in the world

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in terms of industry, military might,

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in all respects, and it made
a very big impression.

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He thought that New York was
the coolest town in the world.

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He loved America.

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I mean, he told me, "I'm
pro-America down to my belt."

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Gianni went into war.

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He felt this was a duty.

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He had to be loyal to the king

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and loyal to the idea
of the Italian state.

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But there was a feeling
that this was a mistake.

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My grandfather tried to stop him,

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but Gianni said, "No, it's war

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and I prefer going
against the Russians."

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He was a cavalry officer,
which was quite brilliant.

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He rationalized an Agnelli
should be brave at war,

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and he was a brave man.

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He said it was a very sad experience.

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"A lot of my soldiers
that I fought with died.

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I really don't want
to remember this."

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He didn't have a war
sitting in some salon,

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being elegant in a good uniform.

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I mean, he had a war.

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But now, the people of Naples,

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seeing the British
and American forces coming in,

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well, they pretty well went mad.

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Christmas 1945.

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Well, that was a very sad Christmas.

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And we were all staying
in Turin in this house.

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The house was half bombed.

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And my mother died in a car accident.

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We were all very, very distressed.

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At the end of the war,
Gianni's grandfather

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was accused of being a collaborator.

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That was very insulting
and also untrue.

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My grandfather was still alive,

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and I must say,
he was treated very badly

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by the new anti-fascists,

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il Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale.

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They decided my grandfather
had to go away from FIAT.

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It was a great sadness for him.

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The grandfather couldn't work
in his company after the war

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and he died of sorrow because of that.

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He used to go with his car
and go there and look

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and say, "Why don't they want me?
Why don't they want me?"

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Because he had given
all his life to FIAT.

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Before the senatore died,

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he was actually exonerated

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of being a collaborator
with the fascists.

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But by then he was a broken man.

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He died without ever
returning to the factory.

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My grandfather's funeral,

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we tried to see if we could stop

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in front of FIAT Works.

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And they said no.

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For this man who had played
such a big role

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in Italian capitalism,

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that his funeral would be
ignored by most people?

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That was very painful,

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certainly for Gianni,
who felt very responsible

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for his name and his reputation.

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The grandfather had died in disgrace,

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the factory had been bombed,

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and Gianni does describe his concern

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at seeing the sea of red flags
at public demonstrations.

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He was a very worried man.

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The Allies were going
to confiscate FIAT.

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But the Americans were quite worried

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about the increasing Communist
influence in Europe.

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And Gianni made the case that
FIAT could help with that.

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Through his charm

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and his very good English,

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Gianni played a big role
in saving FIAT.

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He was able to say to the Americans,

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"FIAT is Italian, is Turinese.

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We want to keep it here."

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After the war had ended
and it was clear

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that the Agnellis
would retain control of FIAT,

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there was a moment... so, who
is actually going to run it?

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Vittorio Valletta
was one of these people

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who really lived for the company.

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Gianni was very wise in recognizing

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that Valletta should be
chairman of FIAT.

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Valletta saw Gianni
as the prince whom you serve.

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But he rightly knew that at that stage,

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Gianni could not have run FIAT.

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He had a sort of group of friends

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that had fought in the war
that felt the despair,

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that felt the only things was... left for
them in life was to amuse themself,

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go with women, drinking,
have cars and all of that.

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And the beginning of after-the-war
attitude of Gianni was that.

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Valletta told Gianni,
"Have a good time for a while.

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Then when the moment arrives,
I'll give FIAT to you."

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Gianni did have a good time.

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That, I must say.

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The South of France was abuzz
with Gianni's arrival.

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The South of France
was extremely carefree.

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Very loose, if that makes any sense.

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You had everybody from Somerset Maugham

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to Elsa Maxwell and Rainier and Grace.

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Ari Onassis on his yacht.

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It was the great, big
private house party.

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When I met Gianni the first
time, I was very young.

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I was on the tennis circuit,
but I wasn't doing very well.

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00:19:01,680 --> 00:19:04,280
And I went to the South of
France to take a break.

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00:19:04,440 --> 00:19:08,480
And I was awed by Gianni's
charisma and all his charm.

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The easy manner, the friendliness

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instead of being stuck up
or something like that.

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00:19:15,080 --> 00:19:18,800
I was in Europe modeling for Chanel.

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00:19:18,960 --> 00:19:21,680
I met Gianni through Onassis.

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He was on cocaine, stoned,
and I didn't even know it.

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And he was just
coming on to me like crazy.

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And he was very handsome.

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00:19:31,080 --> 00:19:32,920
And so, we went off to his house

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00:19:33,080 --> 00:19:36,920
and that's where
we hung out that night.

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00:19:37,080 --> 00:19:39,840
Gianni was irresistible.

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It was not possible
not to be seduced by him.

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Not possible.

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Gianni was in full fling,

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surrounding himself with starlets.

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00:19:48,960 --> 00:19:51,120
There are three things
I like most...

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love, love, and love.

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00:19:53,480 --> 00:19:56,480
Anita Ekberg was fun, crazy.

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She was crazy about Gianni.

255
00:20:03,080 --> 00:20:06,120
I was out with this interior decorator.

256
00:20:06,280 --> 00:20:08,880
He said, "Let's go to Gianni
Agnelli's at the Grand.

257
00:20:09,040 --> 00:20:10,880
I know
he's with Anita Ekberg."

258
00:20:11,040 --> 00:20:12,480
I said, "Oh, wonderful."

259
00:20:12,640 --> 00:20:14,520
So we go to the hotel,

260
00:20:14,680 --> 00:20:16,920
and Gianni never locked the door.

261
00:20:17,960 --> 00:20:20,000
The light is very low

262
00:20:20,160 --> 00:20:21,880
and the music is playing,

263
00:20:22,040 --> 00:20:24,800
and there's Gianni in bed
with Anita Ekberg.

264
00:20:24,960 --> 00:20:26,480
And so, we start laughing,

265
00:20:26,640 --> 00:20:29,120
we put the lights on,
and she started chasing us

266
00:20:29,280 --> 00:20:33,400
down the hall stark naked
with these huge bosoms.

267
00:20:33,560 --> 00:20:35,360
The next morning,
Gianni called me and said,

268
00:20:35,520 --> 00:20:37,160
"Oh, I thought
it was wonderful!"

269
00:20:37,320 --> 00:20:41,880
He always said that ladies
should be treated like tarts

270
00:20:42,040 --> 00:20:44,640
and tarts should be
treated like ladies.

271
00:20:44,800 --> 00:20:48,080
Would a contemporary woman
find him horrifying?

272
00:20:48,240 --> 00:20:49,600
- Oh, I don't think so.
- All right.

273
00:20:49,760 --> 00:20:51,440
Well, the people...
what's wrong

274
00:20:51,600 --> 00:20:53,320
is there's nobody around
like him anymore.

275
00:20:53,480 --> 00:20:54,840
That's the great problem.

276
00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:56,720
Because they're so involved
with making money,

277
00:20:56,880 --> 00:20:58,440
they're boring as hell.

278
00:20:58,600 --> 00:21:00,040
So, what do they bring to the table?

279
00:21:00,200 --> 00:21:02,640
I mean, Gianni was funny and exciting.

280
00:21:02,800 --> 00:21:06,240
He was incredibly alive, you see.

281
00:21:06,400 --> 00:21:09,560
But I wasn't looking to have
a romance with Gianni Agnelli.

282
00:21:09,720 --> 00:21:11,040
I thought he was insane.

283
00:21:12,920 --> 00:21:15,640
One of Gianni's favorite things
was to jump out of a helicopter

284
00:21:15,800 --> 00:21:17,560
into the Mediterranean Sea.

285
00:21:17,720 --> 00:21:19,720
That's, like, how he
would start his weekend.

286
00:21:19,880 --> 00:21:22,040
When I was a little,
little kid, I remember him.

287
00:21:22,200 --> 00:21:24,040
He arrived at this hotel, Hotel du Cap,

288
00:21:24,200 --> 00:21:27,520
and he had his helicopter.
And he jumped out of the helicopter

289
00:21:27,680 --> 00:21:29,360
and then he swam ashore.

290
00:21:29,520 --> 00:21:31,440
He had a physical courage

291
00:21:31,600 --> 00:21:34,040
that was on the verge of being,

292
00:21:34,200 --> 00:21:36,480
you know, suicidal.

293
00:21:39,880 --> 00:21:43,160
Gianni loved to do the Cresta Run.

294
00:21:43,320 --> 00:21:45,120
You're on a toboggan going down a chute

295
00:21:45,280 --> 00:21:47,360
at, like, 100 miles an hour.

296
00:21:48,680 --> 00:21:50,160
You know, I said to him one day,

297
00:21:50,320 --> 00:21:51,640
"Why don't you just go
to the, you know,

298
00:21:51,800 --> 00:21:53,840
the Empire State Building
and jump off?"

299
00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:57,640
He valued courage in the abstract.

300
00:21:57,800 --> 00:22:01,480
He practiced it every day
when he drove his car,

301
00:22:01,640 --> 00:22:04,480
which was
a hair-raising experience.

302
00:22:06,400 --> 00:22:07,840
There are many ways of dying.

303
00:22:08,000 --> 00:22:10,080
I don't think an accident is the worst.

304
00:22:10,240 --> 00:22:15,000
There are infinitely duller
and more unpleasant ways.

305
00:22:15,160 --> 00:22:16,760
I drive many times with him.

306
00:22:16,920 --> 00:22:20,000
Terrible, terrible experience.
Terrible experience.

307
00:22:20,160 --> 00:22:23,760
He drove always like we would be

308
00:22:23,920 --> 00:22:25,760
in a Formula One race,

309
00:22:25,920 --> 00:22:27,520
despite we were in Torino.

310
00:22:27,680 --> 00:22:31,760
He was completely crazy.

311
00:22:31,920 --> 00:22:36,880
Totally disregarded
policemen, one-way streets.

312
00:22:37,040 --> 00:22:39,680
He would pass all the red lights
and he would not look around.

313
00:22:39,840 --> 00:22:41,440
When you see those things in films,

314
00:22:41,600 --> 00:22:43,000
you think they're not true,
but with Gianni, they were.

315
00:22:43,160 --> 00:22:44,480
That's the way it was.

316
00:22:46,800 --> 00:22:48,360
I said, "Listen, you son of a bitch,

317
00:22:48,520 --> 00:22:50,600
if you want to, you know,
to die in the mountains

318
00:22:50,760 --> 00:22:53,200
and to do things like that, you
don't have to make other people.

319
00:22:53,360 --> 00:22:55,400
So I'm not talking to you
for the next 24 hours."

320
00:23:47,360 --> 00:23:51,560
People that were around him,
they were all in awe of him.

321
00:23:51,720 --> 00:23:55,400
The Avvocato! I mean, it was insane,
absolute madness.

322
00:24:01,960 --> 00:24:03,320
And here comes the bride,

323
00:24:03,480 --> 00:24:05,480
the honorable Pamela Digby, age 19.

324
00:24:05,640 --> 00:24:07,600
The bridegroom, Mr. Randolph
Churchill, is with his regiment.

325
00:24:10,680 --> 00:24:13,080
So it's swords and smiles,
and the bride is having

326
00:24:13,240 --> 00:24:15,000
quite a lot of trouble
with that feather.

327
00:24:21,880 --> 00:24:25,520
At the end of WWII, Pamela Churchill

328
00:24:25,680 --> 00:24:28,560
filed divorce from Randolph Churchill,

329
00:24:28,720 --> 00:24:33,000
the son of the prime minister.

330
00:24:33,160 --> 00:24:38,000
He was a terrible drunk
and disliked by many people.

331
00:24:38,160 --> 00:24:41,720
So she needed to make
some new conquests.

332
00:24:43,960 --> 00:24:45,520
She went to a big ball

333
00:24:45,680 --> 00:24:48,680
that was being thrown by Aly Khan,

334
00:24:48,840 --> 00:24:52,200
one of the great playboys
of the Western world.

335
00:24:53,560 --> 00:24:57,360
Pamela and he struck up this affair,

336
00:24:57,520 --> 00:24:59,320
but there was a moment

337
00:24:59,480 --> 00:25:04,080
when he spotted Rita Hayworth

338
00:25:04,240 --> 00:25:07,720
and fell head over heels
in love with her.

339
00:25:09,400 --> 00:25:10,720
He had been trying to figure out

340
00:25:10,880 --> 00:25:13,360
how to extricate himself from Pamela,

341
00:25:13,520 --> 00:25:17,400
and he came up
with an ingenious solution.

342
00:25:18,840 --> 00:25:22,520
Aly Khan wanted to get rid of her.

343
00:25:22,680 --> 00:25:26,040
And he found that Gianni
was a very good occasion.

344
00:25:28,400 --> 00:25:30,520
Aly Khan's good friend, Gianni Agnelli,

345
00:25:30,680 --> 00:25:33,920
fellow playboy, came by boat...

346
00:25:34,880 --> 00:25:36,880
caught sight of Pamela

347
00:25:37,040 --> 00:25:39,440
and said, "Buongiorno."

348
00:25:40,920 --> 00:25:43,320
He was going off on a sail.

349
00:25:45,040 --> 00:25:49,080
He invited her out for a day
and she just stayed.

350
00:25:50,880 --> 00:25:54,080
It was a smart political move
on his side.

351
00:25:54,240 --> 00:25:56,560
Don't forget it was after the World War

352
00:25:56,720 --> 00:26:00,360
and Italy had been on the Axis side.

353
00:26:01,880 --> 00:26:06,840
Using her name Churchill
helped tremendously.

354
00:26:08,200 --> 00:26:10,680
They were using each other.

355
00:26:10,840 --> 00:26:13,800
He was learning how to be
a political operator.

356
00:26:13,960 --> 00:26:17,000
Pamela understood that.

357
00:26:17,160 --> 00:26:20,560
She became a bit
of a Pygmalion for Gianni.

358
00:26:20,720 --> 00:26:24,000
She wanted him to advance

359
00:26:24,160 --> 00:26:27,800
so that she could become
the unofficial queen of Italy.

360
00:26:29,560 --> 00:26:32,200
The Churchill alliance
was very valuable.

361
00:26:32,360 --> 00:26:34,960
He was able to make
Washington connections,

362
00:26:35,120 --> 00:26:38,640
cleanse the reputation of FIAT.

363
00:26:38,800 --> 00:26:42,440
And that was the most
important thing that she did.

364
00:26:44,080 --> 00:26:47,840
He responded
with incredible generosity.

365
00:26:48,000 --> 00:26:49,600
He bought Pamela a flat

366
00:26:49,760 --> 00:26:52,800
in the most beautiful
neighborhood in Paris.

367
00:26:54,440 --> 00:26:57,000
He gave her a butler

368
00:26:57,160 --> 00:27:00,280
and a Bentley and a chauffeur.

369
00:27:00,440 --> 00:27:05,280
And he opened up accounts
at all the best couturiers.

370
00:27:07,800 --> 00:27:09,720
She converted to Catholicism

371
00:27:09,880 --> 00:27:12,800
because she figured
that was absolutely necessary

372
00:27:12,960 --> 00:27:16,280
to getting Gianni to marry her.

373
00:27:16,440 --> 00:27:18,400
It didn't work.

374
00:27:18,560 --> 00:27:22,160
He used to go to sort of "loose
houses," as we call them,

375
00:27:22,320 --> 00:27:24,880
and try to pick somebody up.

376
00:27:25,040 --> 00:27:26,880
Pamela was away.

377
00:27:27,040 --> 00:27:30,000
Gianni spotted
this really gorgeous woman

378
00:27:30,160 --> 00:27:32,240
named
Anne-Marie d'Estainville.

379
00:27:34,240 --> 00:27:36,440
They hooked up that night

380
00:27:36,600 --> 00:27:38,360
and they were embracing on the terrace.

381
00:27:38,520 --> 00:27:42,440
And who should suddenly
appear but Pamela?

382
00:27:43,400 --> 00:27:45,680
She flew into a rage.

383
00:27:45,840 --> 00:27:48,120
She threw something at them.

384
00:27:48,280 --> 00:27:50,880
With her screaming
and calling Anne-Marie,

385
00:27:51,040 --> 00:27:53,040
who was certainly a very pretty,
innocent young girl,

386
00:27:53,200 --> 00:27:54,760
a hooker and all that.

387
00:27:54,920 --> 00:27:56,280
They decided they would...

388
00:27:56,440 --> 00:27:58,160
they would get out of there
very, very quickly,

389
00:27:58,320 --> 00:28:00,640
so they jumped into Gianni's car.

390
00:28:03,320 --> 00:28:07,360
Gianni was kind of
in a state of agitation.

391
00:28:07,520 --> 00:28:09,360
Something was off about him.

392
00:28:09,520 --> 00:28:11,720
He was...
he had taken drugs.

393
00:28:11,880 --> 00:28:13,200
He was coked out of his head.

394
00:28:13,360 --> 00:28:15,640
I mean, he was
really stoned constantly.

395
00:28:15,800 --> 00:28:17,280
He did a lot when he was young.

396
00:28:17,440 --> 00:28:19,280
He used to refer
to "the great white nights"...

397
00:28:19,440 --> 00:28:20,760
"les grandes
nuits blanches."

398
00:28:22,120 --> 00:28:23,800
He was going very fast

399
00:28:23,960 --> 00:28:26,480
and slammed into a butcher's truck.

400
00:28:28,080 --> 00:28:30,200
It was a very, very bad crash.

401
00:28:30,360 --> 00:28:33,040
The young girl had nothing
at all, walked away,

402
00:28:33,200 --> 00:28:36,760
but Gianni went to the hospital.

403
00:28:36,920 --> 00:28:40,480
Gianni had seven fractures
in one of his legs.

404
00:28:40,640 --> 00:28:42,040
It was swollen so much.

405
00:28:42,200 --> 00:28:45,720
It was gangrene.

406
00:28:45,880 --> 00:28:47,960
For two months he had to lie,

407
00:28:48,120 --> 00:28:53,040
leg upside down,
covered with antibiotics.

408
00:28:53,200 --> 00:28:55,840
I must say, I never heard him complain.

409
00:28:56,000 --> 00:28:58,760
Pamela rushed to his bedside.

410
00:28:58,920 --> 00:29:02,200
His four sisters would have none of it.

411
00:29:09,400 --> 00:29:13,680
Well, I didn't like her very much.
I think she was too bossy for my taste.

412
00:29:13,840 --> 00:29:17,560
Did you and your sisters
feel protective of Gianni?

413
00:29:17,720 --> 00:29:21,720
Protective, quite not, but, uh...

414
00:29:21,880 --> 00:29:23,320
How should I say?

415
00:29:23,480 --> 00:29:24,800
Concerned.

416
00:29:24,960 --> 00:29:27,000
Very concerned.

417
00:29:27,160 --> 00:29:29,680
The sisters took matters
in their own hands.

418
00:29:32,840 --> 00:29:35,400
Two of the sisters,
Cristiana and Maria Sole,

419
00:29:35,560 --> 00:29:41,000
had a very good friend,
Princess Marella Caracciolo.

420
00:29:41,160 --> 00:29:43,760
Marella came
from the Caracciolo family,

421
00:29:43,920 --> 00:29:46,240
which were Neapolitan aristocrats.

422
00:29:46,400 --> 00:29:48,920
You know, almost royal family.

423
00:29:54,920 --> 00:29:57,920
I had a house in Trastevere

424
00:29:58,080 --> 00:30:02,000
and it was just behind Marella's house.

425
00:30:02,160 --> 00:30:04,160
And so at that time I was very lucky

426
00:30:04,320 --> 00:30:07,880
because I had a car and I could drive.

427
00:30:08,040 --> 00:30:12,280
And so every time we went out,
I took Marella with me.

428
00:30:14,520 --> 00:30:17,080
All my friends wanted to marry her.

429
00:30:17,240 --> 00:30:21,400
And Gianni was always saying
that that's a lovely girl.

430
00:30:21,560 --> 00:30:24,880
She met Gianni right after the war

431
00:30:25,040 --> 00:30:27,920
and had fallen
completely in love with him.

432
00:30:28,080 --> 00:30:31,040
When the sisters called, she
immediately went to Florence

433
00:30:31,200 --> 00:30:33,000
to visit him in the hospital.

434
00:30:35,040 --> 00:30:36,600
She was always with us
and she was always,

435
00:30:36,760 --> 00:30:38,960
"Oh, Gianni," was always
looking for Gianni

436
00:30:39,120 --> 00:30:41,640
and thinking about Gianni
for five years,

437
00:30:41,800 --> 00:30:45,240
and after...
and after, she got him.

438
00:30:54,200 --> 00:30:57,200
My mother felt
he was too much freethinking

439
00:30:57,360 --> 00:30:59,640
to be a good husband.

440
00:30:59,800 --> 00:31:02,160
She didn't like him at all.

441
00:31:02,320 --> 00:31:05,960
She said,
"That awful boy."

442
00:31:06,120 --> 00:31:11,720
His reputation was
very much glamorous, no?

443
00:31:11,880 --> 00:31:15,280
He's what you call
"Don Giovanni."

444
00:31:15,440 --> 00:31:17,200
Absolutely.

445
00:31:17,360 --> 00:31:21,480
But even if he says
that only maids get in love,

446
00:31:21,640 --> 00:31:25,120
Gianni was very in love
with Marella at that moment.

447
00:31:28,840 --> 00:31:31,120
Marella spent the first few months

448
00:31:31,280 --> 00:31:34,800
lying on a sofa, drinking orange juice,

449
00:31:34,960 --> 00:31:36,960
and reading books on French poetry.

450
00:31:38,480 --> 00:31:40,280
Gianni got more
and more worried about this.

451
00:31:40,440 --> 00:31:42,440
You know, having this sloppy wife.

452
00:31:42,600 --> 00:31:47,440
And so he called Countess
Lily Volpi in Venice.

453
00:31:47,600 --> 00:31:49,520
She had Palazzo Volpi and she hosted

454
00:31:49,680 --> 00:31:52,000
the best parties, the best dinners.

455
00:31:52,160 --> 00:31:53,880
And he sent Marella there

456
00:31:54,040 --> 00:31:58,360
for an intensive course
of how to manage a home.

457
00:31:58,520 --> 00:32:03,440
She spent terrifying days with
this... with this old witch.

458
00:32:03,600 --> 00:32:06,240
Then I guess she understood
that she had a job to do

459
00:32:06,400 --> 00:32:10,200
as well as being in love
and having a husband.

460
00:32:12,360 --> 00:32:14,960
During their early years,
they lived in Turin.

461
00:32:15,120 --> 00:32:17,240
They had two kids.

462
00:32:17,400 --> 00:32:21,000
Gianni named his son Edoardo
after his father.

463
00:32:22,120 --> 00:32:23,640
He was so happy

464
00:32:23,800 --> 00:32:26,800
about this birth of this boy.

465
00:32:26,960 --> 00:32:29,880
He came to see my daughter
and he said, "Ah!

466
00:32:30,040 --> 00:32:33,200
She's the same age as Edoardo,"
you know, comparing,

467
00:32:33,360 --> 00:32:37,320
which is something I never
thought I'd see Gianni do.

468
00:32:39,320 --> 00:32:41,680
Gianni had bought La Leopolda.

469
00:32:41,840 --> 00:32:43,320
It was a grand house.

470
00:32:43,480 --> 00:32:46,920
Just sort of one drawing room
after another.

471
00:32:50,200 --> 00:32:51,760
It was used
for "The Red Shoes."

472
00:32:53,800 --> 00:32:56,920
It was huge and it was on levels.

473
00:32:59,160 --> 00:33:01,960
Marella and Gianni
entertained almost everybody...

474
00:33:02,120 --> 00:33:05,000
you know, kings, heads of state.

475
00:33:05,160 --> 00:33:08,320
They were considered the top, top class

476
00:33:08,480 --> 00:33:11,440
of the couples around the world.

477
00:33:11,600 --> 00:33:13,640
To be invited to Gianni's house

478
00:33:13,800 --> 00:33:17,640
was always... everybody
wanted to be invited,

479
00:33:17,800 --> 00:33:22,440
and Marella made quite a
decor about the house.

480
00:33:22,600 --> 00:33:24,320
You know you have no idea
in that moment...

481
00:33:24,480 --> 00:33:28,640
Americans, when they want
to be... up to date...

482
00:33:30,000 --> 00:33:34,000
they were
imitating the look...

483
00:33:34,160 --> 00:33:37,440
everything of the Agnellis' house.

484
00:33:48,400 --> 00:33:49,760
Gianni had a great eye.

485
00:33:51,320 --> 00:33:54,680
Really obsessed by aesthetics.

486
00:33:54,840 --> 00:33:56,720
From the beginning,

487
00:33:56,880 --> 00:34:01,520
he got this unbelievable
connaissanceof paintings.

488
00:34:04,440 --> 00:34:05,960
He loved Balthus

489
00:34:06,120 --> 00:34:11,080
long before Balthus
was admired by the public.

490
00:34:11,240 --> 00:34:13,440
The very first things he bought from me

491
00:34:13,600 --> 00:34:15,720
were two early
hand-painted Warhols.

492
00:34:15,880 --> 00:34:18,720
One with a Batman on it in full color.

493
00:34:18,880 --> 00:34:21,480
It was something which
attracted him very much.

494
00:34:21,640 --> 00:34:24,160
He kept it always very dearly
and always had it with him

495
00:34:24,320 --> 00:34:26,200
in one of his bedrooms somewhere.

496
00:34:28,200 --> 00:34:31,400
A garçonnière is a place where guys go,

497
00:34:31,560 --> 00:34:34,680
which they keep
to meet their mistresses.

498
00:34:34,840 --> 00:34:38,600
The garçonnière was a way
of being private

499
00:34:38,760 --> 00:34:41,040
and of not having...

500
00:34:41,200 --> 00:34:46,040
you know,
not having... scandal.

501
00:34:46,200 --> 00:34:48,000
And did Gianni have a couple?

502
00:34:48,160 --> 00:34:50,000
He had them all over the place.

503
00:34:50,160 --> 00:34:52,000
The Villa Bona
is a one-bedroom,

504
00:34:52,160 --> 00:34:54,280
Italo-Japanese
bachelor retreat

505
00:34:54,440 --> 00:34:58,120
studded with sculpture by
Lynn Chadwick and Henry Moore

506
00:34:58,280 --> 00:35:00,120
that most cities would envy.

507
00:35:10,760 --> 00:35:13,400
I noticed it's loaded with pop art.

508
00:35:13,560 --> 00:35:15,560
This is a joke.

509
00:35:15,720 --> 00:35:18,200
I mean, I think it's a maggoty
moment ol' smile or mouth,

510
00:35:18,360 --> 00:35:20,880
but I think it makes one
feel rather in a gay mood

511
00:35:21,040 --> 00:35:22,560
to have it around.

512
00:35:25,560 --> 00:35:28,400
If I'm nervous or keyed up

513
00:35:28,560 --> 00:35:32,320
or excited or, I mean, any of these
sort of emotional conditions

514
00:35:32,480 --> 00:35:35,480
one can be in, if you have a chance
of looking at something beautiful,

515
00:35:35,640 --> 00:35:39,480
it's always extremely calming
and extremely balancing.

516
00:35:51,480 --> 00:35:55,640
The Agnellis were seen
as paragons of style.

517
00:35:55,800 --> 00:35:59,280
The way they dressed was the
epitome of the epitome.

518
00:36:01,120 --> 00:36:04,520
Marella used to come
to the fashion house

519
00:36:04,680 --> 00:36:07,840
to get some clothes from Valentino.

520
00:36:08,880 --> 00:36:12,760
She was extremely simple.

521
00:36:12,920 --> 00:36:15,880
But, you know, she had
this size, extraordinary.

522
00:36:16,040 --> 00:36:19,560
This long neck, beautiful legs.

523
00:36:19,720 --> 00:36:22,840
And everything was fantastic on her.

524
00:36:26,280 --> 00:36:27,960
Style was Gianni's life.

525
00:36:28,120 --> 00:36:30,520
Style was everything.

526
00:36:30,680 --> 00:36:33,280
The way he dressed,
it was very recognizable.

527
00:36:33,440 --> 00:36:34,760
It was very in good taste.

528
00:36:34,920 --> 00:36:36,320
He cared about that a lot.

529
00:36:36,480 --> 00:36:39,000
Gianni always used to wear
his tie like this.

530
00:36:39,160 --> 00:36:40,760
How can a man
who wears his tie like that

531
00:36:40,920 --> 00:36:42,600
be the best dressed man in Italy?

532
00:36:42,760 --> 00:36:44,880
But he was the best
dressed man in Italy.

533
00:37:00,000 --> 00:37:02,040
Everybody tried to copy him,

534
00:37:02,200 --> 00:37:06,040
to put the watch on top
of the cuff of the shirt.

535
00:37:06,200 --> 00:37:08,120
A little detail.

536
00:37:08,280 --> 00:37:10,320
I was in my 20s.
He had just done this.

537
00:37:10,480 --> 00:37:13,160
I saw it and I thought,
"What a good idea."

538
00:37:13,320 --> 00:37:15,240
Did you ever see
other people copying him?

539
00:37:15,400 --> 00:37:17,080
Everybody.

540
00:37:17,240 --> 00:37:19,480
Who didn't copy him?

541
00:37:19,640 --> 00:37:23,440
I did copy myself.

542
00:37:23,600 --> 00:37:27,320
Colacello: One big part of the
Agnelli style and Agnelli aesthetic

543
00:37:27,480 --> 00:37:30,880
is that it's never supposed to look
like you're trying to have style.

544
00:37:31,040 --> 00:37:33,440
It's like the dinner party
just happened, you know?

545
00:37:33,600 --> 00:37:36,440
And you just happened to wake up and
grab something from your closet

546
00:37:36,600 --> 00:37:38,720
and you look totally fabulous.

547
00:37:38,880 --> 00:37:42,080
It always was about ease and grace

548
00:37:42,240 --> 00:37:44,560
and never trying too hard.

549
00:37:44,720 --> 00:37:46,120
Here you had a man.

550
00:37:46,280 --> 00:37:48,320
He had a leg that was
practically destroyed.

551
00:37:48,480 --> 00:37:52,160
He used to ski in a brace
with great elegance

552
00:37:52,320 --> 00:37:54,920
and go down faster than anybody else.

553
00:37:55,080 --> 00:38:00,560
And that grace was something
that he and Marella both had,

554
00:38:00,720 --> 00:38:05,320
and that was something that other
people around them kind of emulated.

555
00:38:07,760 --> 00:38:11,320
How did the Agnellis differ
from an aristocratic English family?

556
00:38:11,480 --> 00:38:14,360
Well, they were certainly
a lot more friendly.

557
00:38:14,520 --> 00:38:17,080
The duke, when he came
down and he passed us,

558
00:38:17,240 --> 00:38:20,560
we all had to just put our backs
to the wall and look at the floor

559
00:38:20,720 --> 00:38:22,880
whereas
with Mr. and Mrs. Agnelli,

560
00:38:23,040 --> 00:38:26,400
you became part of the family.

561
00:38:26,560 --> 00:38:28,560
When I left my wife...

562
00:38:28,720 --> 00:38:31,440
and I came out of the cupboard,

563
00:38:31,600 --> 00:38:34,960
the first person I told
was Mr. Agnelli.

564
00:38:35,120 --> 00:38:38,240
I told him right away
because I wanted him to know

565
00:38:38,400 --> 00:38:39,840
and because I was living in his house.

566
00:38:40,000 --> 00:38:42,280
I was... I was part
of the household.

567
00:38:42,440 --> 00:38:43,880
He had a right to know.

568
00:38:44,040 --> 00:38:46,080
What did you tell him exactly?

569
00:38:46,240 --> 00:38:48,240
I got meself a boyfriend.

570
00:38:48,400 --> 00:38:50,480
And he didn't...
"Oh, oh."

571
00:38:50,640 --> 00:38:52,280
Not really very interested at all.

572
00:38:52,440 --> 00:38:54,200
Led on he wasn't very interested.

573
00:38:54,360 --> 00:38:56,000
Actually, the first thing he did,

574
00:38:56,160 --> 00:38:57,520
he went around the corner,
got on the telephone,

575
00:38:57,680 --> 00:39:00,040
and rang the Duke of Beaufort

576
00:39:00,200 --> 00:39:02,280
and said,
"Stuart's queer!"

577
00:39:03,880 --> 00:39:06,080
He rang everybody
because he loved gossip.

578
00:39:06,240 --> 00:39:07,720
He loved it.
Loved it.

579
00:39:07,960 --> 00:39:11,240
Gianni had this habit with everyone

580
00:39:11,400 --> 00:39:15,680
to wait till about
4:00 or 5:00 in the morning,

581
00:39:15,840 --> 00:39:19,920
say, "Is it amusing
in London?"

582
00:39:20,080 --> 00:39:23,240
or "Is it amusing
wherever you are?"

583
00:39:23,400 --> 00:39:27,000
And this poor person,
you know, was in deep sleep.

584
00:39:27,160 --> 00:39:28,760
This is because of Gianni.

585
00:39:28,920 --> 00:39:30,320
In all the phones I have,

586
00:39:30,480 --> 00:39:32,400
I have a "do not disturb" button, okay?

587
00:39:32,560 --> 00:39:33,920
This is because of him.

588
00:39:34,080 --> 00:39:36,200
Because he would call me
at 6:00 in the morning

589
00:39:36,360 --> 00:39:38,960
wherever I was and say,
"Oh, did I wake you?". I'd say...

590
00:39:39,120 --> 00:39:40,560
When he had said what he needed to say,

591
00:39:40,720 --> 00:39:45,640
he just hung up, so you...
you were sitting there waiting.

592
00:39:45,800 --> 00:39:48,160
When will the hang up come?

593
00:39:48,320 --> 00:39:50,640
I have this house
in the South of France,

594
00:39:50,800 --> 00:39:53,920
and he would call me.
And he says, "How is the sea?"

595
00:39:54,080 --> 00:39:55,760
I said, "Gianni, I have no
idea how the sea... I'm tired."

596
00:39:55,920 --> 00:39:57,720
"Go look!" And so I'd go
and look in my window.

597
00:39:57,880 --> 00:40:01,040
And I said, "The sea is beautiful."
He said, "Are you sure?" I said, "Yes."

598
00:40:01,200 --> 00:40:02,760
He said, "My captain told me
the sea is terrible.

599
00:40:02,920 --> 00:40:04,320
He always lies
to me, okay?"

600
00:40:04,480 --> 00:40:06,920
And then sleeping and the door knocks.

601
00:40:07,080 --> 00:40:08,400
And I said, "Who is it?"
"Gianni." I said...

602
00:40:08,560 --> 00:40:10,360
So he had landed on my place
with a helicopter

603
00:40:10,520 --> 00:40:12,840
at 6:00 in the morning and said,
"Okay, let's go sailing."

604
00:40:22,840 --> 00:40:25,360
The Agneta was a magnificent boat.

605
00:40:25,520 --> 00:40:26,840
It was mahogany.

606
00:41:03,800 --> 00:41:06,160
In any weather
you had to go in this boat.

607
00:41:06,320 --> 00:41:08,240
And the boat was like that

608
00:41:08,400 --> 00:41:10,280
and he was happy like that.

609
00:41:18,120 --> 00:41:21,720
He had this enormous appetite
for life, for life.

610
00:41:21,880 --> 00:41:25,920
When he was around,
the pace of life changed.

611
00:41:26,080 --> 00:41:27,720
Everything.

612
00:41:27,880 --> 00:41:29,200
Electricity.

613
00:41:33,160 --> 00:41:36,200
Go, go, go.
Rome for lunch and dinner in Paris,

614
00:41:36,360 --> 00:41:37,720
and then he would fly back to Turin.

615
00:41:37,880 --> 00:41:39,280
And in the morning
he would go to Germany.

616
00:41:39,440 --> 00:41:40,880
I mean, move, move, move all the time.

617
00:41:41,040 --> 00:41:42,720
Driving fast, moving fast.

618
00:41:42,880 --> 00:41:45,480
When you got to the end of the
day, your mind was a blank

619
00:41:45,640 --> 00:41:49,160
because you took in Rome, Venice,

620
00:41:49,320 --> 00:41:52,960
Paris, and come back again.

621
00:42:05,840 --> 00:42:08,960
The worst thing was stepping
back into your own life.

622
00:42:09,120 --> 00:42:11,160
That was the worst
because you were with this guy

623
00:42:11,320 --> 00:42:13,760
who was James Bond-ish.

624
00:42:13,920 --> 00:42:17,480
Then when you'd step back into your
life, it was such a huge letdown.

625
00:43:25,680 --> 00:43:28,400
No one ever said that he wasn't wicked.

626
00:43:28,560 --> 00:43:31,840
There was a great wickedness.
That was part of his great charm.

627
00:43:42,040 --> 00:43:44,920
When the Kennedys arrived in 1961,

628
00:43:45,080 --> 00:43:49,040
Washington exploded
with glamour and culture.

629
00:43:49,200 --> 00:43:51,080
And they had a series

630
00:43:51,240 --> 00:43:56,000
of these fantastic
black-tie dinner dances,

631
00:43:56,160 --> 00:43:58,840
the first of which was in 1961,

632
00:43:59,000 --> 00:44:03,280
and the guests of honor were
Gianni and Marella Agnelli.

633
00:44:05,960 --> 00:44:08,320
Agnelli wanted to promote

634
00:44:08,480 --> 00:44:10,320
American-European relations

635
00:44:10,480 --> 00:44:13,840
and something
like an Atlantic community.

636
00:44:14,000 --> 00:44:16,160
Gianni always saw his role

637
00:44:16,320 --> 00:44:18,760
as trying to keep Italy in the West,

638
00:44:18,920 --> 00:44:21,440
to be part of NATO,

639
00:44:21,600 --> 00:44:25,680
to tug, pull Italy
in a modernizing direction.

640
00:44:25,840 --> 00:44:28,360
I came to Europe to reassert

641
00:44:28,520 --> 00:44:31,320
as clearly and persuasively as I could

642
00:44:31,480 --> 00:44:35,640
that the American commitment to the
freedom of Europe is reliable.

643
00:44:40,120 --> 00:44:42,240
In 1962,

644
00:44:42,400 --> 00:44:47,000
Jackie and Jackie's daughter,
Caroline, went to Italy.

645
00:44:54,480 --> 00:44:58,760
It was during that time
that the rumors began.

646
00:44:58,920 --> 00:45:02,760
There were photographs
of Gianni and Jackie

647
00:45:02,920 --> 00:45:06,680
sitting together or lounging
on the yacht together.

648
00:45:06,840 --> 00:45:09,200
Gianni had a boat.
He took her to Capri.

649
00:45:09,360 --> 00:45:12,480
There was this...
singer there.

650
00:45:12,640 --> 00:45:15,360
I think she had great fun.

651
00:45:15,520 --> 00:45:17,640
The "New York Daily News"
said something like,

652
00:45:17,800 --> 00:45:21,320
"First Lady
in Pirate's Den."

653
00:45:21,480 --> 00:45:23,880
JFK did send her a telegram

654
00:45:24,040 --> 00:45:26,560
saying, "More Caroline,
less Agnelli."

655
00:45:33,560 --> 00:45:36,120
I don't know.

656
00:45:36,280 --> 00:45:39,120
I don't... but I wouldn't
be surprised.

657
00:45:39,280 --> 00:45:41,280
Ecco.
Should I say that?

658
00:45:41,440 --> 00:45:43,280
I shouldn't say it, maybe.

659
00:46:31,000 --> 00:46:34,600
I met Margherita
just one time in my life.

660
00:46:34,760 --> 00:46:39,120
I was with her father,
and at a certain moment,

661
00:46:39,280 --> 00:46:41,640
the door opened and appeared Margherita

662
00:46:41,800 --> 00:46:45,160
completely shaved.

663
00:46:45,320 --> 00:46:47,600
Agnelli looked at her and said,

664
00:46:47,760 --> 00:46:49,440
"What did you do?"

665
00:46:49,600 --> 00:46:53,440
And she said,
"At least you noticed me."

666
00:46:53,600 --> 00:46:55,960
And she went.

667
00:47:55,680 --> 00:47:59,040
When I got to be on the board of FIAT,

668
00:47:59,200 --> 00:48:03,680
I realized he was humble.

669
00:48:05,200 --> 00:48:07,680
Very much in the line of duty.

670
00:48:09,520 --> 00:48:11,480
Gianni was a very international man,

671
00:48:11,640 --> 00:48:13,040
so when he took over,

672
00:48:13,200 --> 00:48:16,080
he introduced
American thinking into FIAT.

673
00:48:16,240 --> 00:48:18,360
And that was a good thing,
because by then,

674
00:48:18,520 --> 00:48:22,560
FIAT really needed to become a
bit more of a modern company.

675
00:48:22,720 --> 00:48:25,800
Gianni did have
a huge responsibility to Italy.

676
00:48:25,960 --> 00:48:28,000
What he had to devote his life to

677
00:48:28,160 --> 00:48:31,800
was to making FIAT strong.

678
00:48:31,960 --> 00:48:36,680
That would strengthen the entire
economy of Italy, which it did.

679
00:48:49,000 --> 00:48:51,880
FIAT became the most important
European carmaker.

680
00:48:52,040 --> 00:48:54,320
It overtook Volkswagen of Germany,

681
00:48:54,480 --> 00:48:56,280
which was always the big rival.

682
00:49:23,520 --> 00:49:27,160
By 1969, Ferrari, an Italian treasure,

683
00:49:27,320 --> 00:49:29,160
was in serious trouble.

684
00:49:30,760 --> 00:49:32,720
Ferrari loved racing.

685
00:49:32,880 --> 00:49:36,800
For him, selling cars was to
fund the racing activity.

686
00:49:36,960 --> 00:49:40,400
And he had run into difficulties.

687
00:49:40,560 --> 00:49:43,200
And that's when he asked

688
00:49:43,360 --> 00:49:46,240
my grandfather to help him.

689
00:49:46,400 --> 00:49:50,480
Ferrari was up for sale
and Ford was very interested.

690
00:49:50,640 --> 00:49:52,920
For Gianni, it was unthinkable

691
00:49:53,080 --> 00:49:56,280
for Ferrari to be not in Italian hands.

692
00:50:02,160 --> 00:50:04,760
The entire motor industry is concerned

693
00:50:04,920 --> 00:50:07,040
with the American safety standards.

694
00:50:07,200 --> 00:50:09,280
Agnelli, according
to his plant manager,

695
00:50:09,440 --> 00:50:12,880
had to be restrained from sitting
in the cars during the tests.

696
00:50:14,600 --> 00:50:16,920
No. Not too bad.

697
00:50:17,080 --> 00:50:19,240
FIAT and Agnelli represent

698
00:50:19,400 --> 00:50:22,160
the new European challenge to America.

699
00:50:22,320 --> 00:50:24,720
Quick to engage new technologies,

700
00:50:24,880 --> 00:50:26,640
but sensitive to the human problems

701
00:50:26,800 --> 00:50:30,160
of the new industrial state.

702
00:50:30,320 --> 00:50:32,880
Our size is over a million cars.

703
00:50:33,040 --> 00:50:36,600
I... we'll sell over a million...
1,150,000 this year.

704
00:50:36,760 --> 00:50:38,720
I don't know if that's a safe size,

705
00:50:38,880 --> 00:50:40,480
but it's already a big enough size

706
00:50:40,640 --> 00:50:43,160
to be competitors
with the United States.

707
00:50:43,320 --> 00:50:45,760
Gianni was stepping into the end

708
00:50:45,920 --> 00:50:47,840
of the golden period of FIAT,

709
00:50:48,000 --> 00:50:50,840
which was basically from 1945

710
00:50:51,000 --> 00:50:54,960
until about 1967 and 1968.

711
00:50:56,200 --> 00:50:58,000
Then...

712
00:50:58,160 --> 00:51:00,200
the unrest started in Italy.

713
00:51:03,920 --> 00:51:06,880
The student protests in France
spread to Italy,

714
00:51:07,040 --> 00:51:08,680
where they soon spread to the workers.

715
00:51:17,360 --> 00:51:20,240
All over Europe we had...

716
00:51:20,400 --> 00:51:23,040
a sense of change, of evolution.

717
00:51:45,160 --> 00:51:46,720
The company is under heavy pressure

718
00:51:46,880 --> 00:51:49,040
from Communist-dominated
unions

719
00:51:49,200 --> 00:51:50,920
in spite of the fact that FIAT

720
00:51:51,080 --> 00:51:53,560
is recognized as having
one of the most enlightened

721
00:51:53,720 --> 00:51:56,840
industrial relations policies
in Europe.

722
00:51:59,480 --> 00:52:02,720
Gianni's impulse
when confronted with strikes

723
00:52:02,880 --> 00:52:04,760
or other tense moments
in labor relations

724
00:52:04,920 --> 00:52:07,200
was to try and talk to them.

725
00:52:17,520 --> 00:52:19,760
When you were at Agnelli's home...

726
00:52:21,080 --> 00:52:23,480
the Communists and trade union people

727
00:52:23,640 --> 00:52:26,240
and...
and left-wing writers

728
00:52:26,400 --> 00:52:30,840
and right-wing writers,
they were all there.

729
00:53:02,800 --> 00:53:06,480
von Bredow: He had
great sympathy for workers

730
00:53:06,640 --> 00:53:09,280
and also for their plight.

731
00:53:21,000 --> 00:53:24,800
He signed an agreement
with inflation skyrocketing.

732
00:53:24,960 --> 00:53:27,240
Indexing wages to inflation.

733
00:53:29,720 --> 00:53:32,000
It bought labor peace.

734
00:53:32,160 --> 00:53:35,320
The left-wing party
supported it.

735
00:53:35,480 --> 00:53:38,280
Many of his critics say it really hurt

736
00:53:38,440 --> 00:53:40,800
Italian business and industry.

737
00:53:43,040 --> 00:53:45,560
He justified always, even with me,

738
00:53:45,720 --> 00:53:47,720
saying, "At that moment in time

739
00:53:47,880 --> 00:53:51,040
with the tension
characterizing the country,

740
00:53:51,200 --> 00:53:54,320
with the social tension,
political uncertainty,

741
00:53:54,480 --> 00:53:59,200
it was needed to have
such an agreement."

742
00:53:59,360 --> 00:54:03,760
There were a lot of people
against FIAT in Turin,

743
00:54:03,920 --> 00:54:06,880
but not against Gianni Agnelli.

744
00:54:07,040 --> 00:54:10,280
There was a...
something like a space.

745
00:54:12,720 --> 00:54:15,560
Mr. Agnelli was the owner
of Juventus,

746
00:54:15,720 --> 00:54:18,240
the most popular Italian soccer club.

747
00:54:20,680 --> 00:54:24,240
In Turin, Juventus,
the city's football team,

748
00:54:24,400 --> 00:54:26,600
is one of Italy's leading teams.

749
00:54:26,760 --> 00:54:29,880
And one of the responsibilities
of being an Agnelli

750
00:54:30,040 --> 00:54:32,760
is to see to it that Juventus wins.

751
00:54:44,760 --> 00:54:46,080
I love it, and...

752
00:54:52,640 --> 00:54:55,200
His workmen, they were Communists.

753
00:54:55,360 --> 00:54:58,760
So during the week,
they were fighting with him,

754
00:54:58,920 --> 00:55:00,960
but on the weekend
they were on his side.

755
00:55:08,040 --> 00:55:09,480
Thornton: And wherever he
went, there was somebody

756
00:55:09,640 --> 00:55:11,720
who was going, "Oh, Avvocato!

757
00:55:11,880 --> 00:55:14,200
Come on, Juventus!
Juventus!"

758
00:55:14,360 --> 00:55:17,360
They used to pass by
in the car, "Juventus!"

759
00:55:30,120 --> 00:55:32,280
FIAT, in that period,

760
00:55:32,440 --> 00:55:36,360
they had been facing the Kippur crisis.

761
00:55:36,520 --> 00:55:39,400
The cost of gasoline
was going up very quickly.

762
00:55:39,560 --> 00:55:41,800
They were not selling cars.

763
00:55:43,680 --> 00:55:49,240
By 1975, the car market
in Italy declined 40%.

764
00:55:49,400 --> 00:55:52,400
FIAT was bleeding.

765
00:55:52,560 --> 00:55:58,000
Really, there was no money left.

766
00:56:22,680 --> 00:56:26,200
I told him, "Look,
Mr. Agnelli,

767
00:56:26,360 --> 00:56:28,120
if you look at the PandL of FIAT,

768
00:56:28,280 --> 00:56:30,560
you immediately understand that
there aren't too many people

769
00:56:30,720 --> 00:56:32,800
for what we are able to produce.

770
00:56:32,960 --> 00:56:36,760
We need to lay off
at least 60,000 people."

771
00:56:38,160 --> 00:56:40,560
There was an excess of workforce.

772
00:56:40,720 --> 00:56:45,040
And Agnelli said, "I don't question,

773
00:56:45,200 --> 00:56:48,480
but I am not here to solve our problems

774
00:56:48,640 --> 00:56:51,200
to the detriment
of the Italian situation.

775
00:56:51,360 --> 00:56:54,000
Because if I lay off all these people,

776
00:56:54,160 --> 00:56:56,280
who's going
to offer them a job?"

777
00:56:59,520 --> 00:57:01,080
As a result of the oil price hike,

778
00:57:01,240 --> 00:57:04,160
the Libyan Arab Foreign Company

779
00:57:04,320 --> 00:57:07,080
was very, very rich
and full of petrol dollars.

780
00:57:07,240 --> 00:57:10,480
FIAT needed an infusion of capital

781
00:57:10,640 --> 00:57:12,720
and the Libyans were interested.

782
00:57:12,880 --> 00:57:14,960
Gaddafi at the time was not seen

783
00:57:15,120 --> 00:57:17,160
as a particularly nasty dictator.

784
00:57:17,320 --> 00:57:21,160
He was seen as one of these
eccentric Northern African rulers.

785
00:57:21,320 --> 00:57:23,280
Just a bit crazy.

786
00:57:23,440 --> 00:57:27,080
So, here comes this deal of selling 10%

787
00:57:27,240 --> 00:57:31,160
or a minority stake of FIAT
for a huge price.

788
00:57:56,680 --> 00:57:58,120
- No.
- No?

789
00:57:59,080 --> 00:58:00,400
Yes.

790
00:58:01,600 --> 00:58:03,920
Gianni went ahead and did it anyway.

791
00:58:13,440 --> 00:58:17,880
It was an equity infusion
of $400 million,

792
00:58:18,040 --> 00:58:21,320
which at that time
was an unbelievable sum.

793
00:58:21,480 --> 00:58:24,760
It was a fantastic deal for FIAT.

794
00:58:24,920 --> 00:58:26,560
The Libyans had board seats,

795
00:58:26,720 --> 00:58:29,480
but they couldn't influence
the way FIAT was run.

796
00:58:31,120 --> 00:58:33,640
It worked astonishingly smoothly.

797
00:58:51,120 --> 00:58:54,480
When... when
the Libyans came,

798
00:58:54,640 --> 00:58:57,800
he called me up and told me, "Look...

799
00:58:57,960 --> 00:59:03,080
resign from the board.

800
00:59:03,240 --> 00:59:08,840
It's... it's not to the liking
of my new partners or...

801
00:59:09,000 --> 00:59:12,200
not partners, but stockholders,

802
00:59:12,360 --> 00:59:15,360
to have a... somebody with a
Jewish name on the board.

803
00:59:15,520 --> 00:59:18,440
So, please,
good-bye."

804
00:59:21,960 --> 00:59:24,520
It's one aspect
of Mr. Agnelli...

805
00:59:24,680 --> 00:59:27,040
it's his toughness.

806
00:59:27,200 --> 00:59:30,760
He was a totally
unsentimental gentleman.

807
00:59:30,920 --> 00:59:34,760
And I love him and I always did.

808
00:59:34,920 --> 00:59:38,160
But he was like that.

809
00:59:38,320 --> 00:59:42,000
FIAT was a sort of raison d'état.

810
00:59:42,160 --> 00:59:45,000
It would come before everything.

811
00:59:48,280 --> 00:59:50,440
Gianni felt that he was running

812
00:59:50,600 --> 00:59:53,240
more than a corporation;
he was running an economy.

813
00:59:54,920 --> 00:59:56,560
He was the king of Italy.

814
00:59:56,720 --> 00:59:58,160
Of that, there was no doubt about it.

815
00:59:58,320 --> 01:00:01,600
In the years I was there,
he controlled everything.

816
01:00:01,760 --> 01:00:03,640
"Controlled everything."
One moment.

817
01:00:06,120 --> 01:00:09,000
Mr. Cuccia
controlled everything.

818
01:00:15,960 --> 01:00:17,880
If there was a political system

819
01:00:18,040 --> 01:00:20,520
that was structured to keep Italy

820
01:00:20,680 --> 01:00:22,920
from toppling over,

821
01:00:23,080 --> 01:00:26,440
there was also an economic
structure with the same purpose.

822
01:00:26,600 --> 01:00:30,240
And that was centered on Mediobanca.

823
01:00:32,920 --> 01:00:36,160
Mediobanca was run by
an extraordinary individual,

824
01:00:36,320 --> 01:00:38,240
who was Mr. Cuccia.

825
01:00:52,640 --> 01:00:55,440
If you say the spider
at the center of the web,

826
01:00:55,600 --> 01:01:00,000
that sounds perhaps
oversinister, but he was.

827
01:01:01,480 --> 01:01:04,680
He was fundamentally a Sicilian.

828
01:01:04,840 --> 01:01:07,240
He would make things happen.

829
01:01:07,400 --> 01:01:09,720
Not all the time.

830
01:01:09,880 --> 01:01:13,040
You... you wouldn't
know how.

831
01:01:13,200 --> 01:01:16,040
Cuccia called Agnelli

832
01:01:16,200 --> 01:01:21,160
and said, "I want you to hire
a new chief financial officer

833
01:01:21,320 --> 01:01:24,840
because I don't understand your
account and you don't either."

834
01:01:26,280 --> 01:01:30,200
That is the reason
why Romiti joined FIAT.

835
01:01:30,360 --> 01:01:32,480
- Romiti had the nickname
- "Il Duro,"

836
01:01:32,640 --> 01:01:34,520
the... the tough one.

837
01:01:34,680 --> 01:01:38,920
Romiti was a Roman
and he was completely at home

838
01:01:39,080 --> 01:01:43,760
in playing the power game
with Roman politicians.

839
01:01:43,920 --> 01:01:45,840
And Gianni was actually not
very comfortable in doing that.

840
01:01:46,000 --> 01:01:49,720
He's too Turinese,
he's too Northern Italian.

841
01:01:49,880 --> 01:01:53,160
He found it quite ugly.
It didn't fit into his... his idea

842
01:01:53,320 --> 01:01:55,280
of how things should be done.

843
01:01:55,440 --> 01:01:58,040
He let Romiti do the dirty work.

844
01:01:58,200 --> 01:02:00,080
That also made Romiti
later on so powerful

845
01:02:00,240 --> 01:02:04,280
because Romiti knew all the secrets.

846
01:02:04,440 --> 01:02:08,160
- Who was Romiti loyal to...
- Gianni or Cuccia?

847
01:02:08,320 --> 01:02:10,240
There is no doubt in my mind

848
01:02:10,400 --> 01:02:15,040
that Romiti worked for FIAT,
but on behalf of Cuccia.

849
01:02:23,120 --> 01:02:25,240
Italians were at the ballot box again.

850
01:02:25,400 --> 01:02:28,320
The Communists won
over 33% of the votes.

851
01:02:28,480 --> 01:02:30,560
It was a major Communist victory

852
01:02:30,720 --> 01:02:32,600
and it was celebrated as such.

853
01:02:38,120 --> 01:02:42,480
The Communists take over
even the city of Torino

854
01:02:42,640 --> 01:02:44,480
and the region of Piedmont.

855
01:02:46,360 --> 01:02:49,520
That was a shock for the country.

856
01:02:49,680 --> 01:02:52,440
Italy now has the biggest
Communist party in the West.

857
01:02:52,600 --> 01:02:54,480
Something like two million members.

858
01:02:54,640 --> 01:02:56,560
It controls unions and, through them,

859
01:02:56,720 --> 01:02:58,520
controls the industries and offices

860
01:02:58,680 --> 01:03:00,560
where the union members work.

861
01:03:02,400 --> 01:03:06,040
Bologna, Milan, Turin,
Florence, Naples, Venice,

862
01:03:06,200 --> 01:03:10,360
Genoa, Pisa, and even the
government of Rome is Communist.

863
01:03:13,520 --> 01:03:18,200
It was the dead center of the Cold War.

864
01:03:20,640 --> 01:03:23,800
The United States with its NATO allies

865
01:03:23,960 --> 01:03:26,080
versus the Soviet Union.

866
01:03:29,560 --> 01:03:34,320
The United States does have
apprehension on a broader basis

867
01:03:34,480 --> 01:03:37,880
for Communist participation
in the Italian government.

868
01:03:51,400 --> 01:03:53,760
Italy was the weak link in NATO.

869
01:03:53,920 --> 01:03:55,960
It was the weak link
in the European Union.

870
01:03:56,120 --> 01:03:59,320
It was the place in which
it was most likely

871
01:03:59,480 --> 01:04:03,320
that a West European country
might somehow

872
01:04:03,480 --> 01:04:05,520
topple over into the Soviet camp.

873
01:06:05,560 --> 01:06:08,840
Lupo: The Agnellis were seen as
the villains, the capitalists.

874
01:06:09,000 --> 01:06:11,400
There were these famous
slogans in the streets...

875
01:06:16,080 --> 01:06:19,160
Which means...

876
01:06:23,440 --> 01:06:25,600
Maintaining order in a situation

877
01:06:25,760 --> 01:06:30,360
which was prerevolutionary
was very difficult.

878
01:06:30,520 --> 01:06:33,400
There was drug dealing, prostitution.

879
01:06:33,560 --> 01:06:36,920
There were incidents
of FIAT managers kneecapped.

880
01:06:37,080 --> 01:06:40,800
There was really
terrorism and violence.

881
01:06:50,000 --> 01:06:54,760
The Red Brigades were
ideologically motivated.

882
01:06:54,920 --> 01:06:57,760
The Red Brigades wanted to instill

883
01:06:57,920 --> 01:07:00,200
some kind of leftist alternative.

884
01:07:00,360 --> 01:07:01,880
I mean, they were anarchic ideas,

885
01:07:02,040 --> 01:07:05,200
they were
quasi-Communist ideas.

886
01:07:05,360 --> 01:07:08,600
The fundamental drive
was armed revolution.

887
01:07:12,360 --> 01:07:16,600
Between '77 and '79,
the Italian terrorists

888
01:07:16,760 --> 01:07:19,840
had really ramped up their activities.

889
01:07:20,000 --> 01:07:24,280
Terrorist organizations
were shooting people,

890
01:07:24,440 --> 01:07:27,120
preparing attacks.

891
01:07:27,280 --> 01:07:30,120
The Red Brigades were taunting Italy.

892
01:07:32,320 --> 01:07:34,520
The Red Brigades have
demonstrated ruthless skills

893
01:07:34,680 --> 01:07:36,880
in maiming or killing
establishment figures,

894
01:07:37,040 --> 01:07:38,800
such as this magistrate
shot dead in Rome

895
01:07:38,960 --> 01:07:40,720
on February the 14th this year.

896
01:07:40,880 --> 01:07:43,440
On Tuesday, a guard from the Turin jail

897
01:07:43,600 --> 01:07:45,800
was shot dead by three gunmen.

898
01:07:45,960 --> 01:07:48,280
Firebombing of industrial
executives' cars

899
01:07:48,440 --> 01:07:51,240
escalated to kneecapping
of politicians and journalists,

900
01:07:51,400 --> 01:07:53,720
then kidnapping and murder.

901
01:07:53,880 --> 01:07:55,280
So far this year, there have been

902
01:07:55,440 --> 01:07:57,400
over 1,000 acts of political violence.

903
01:08:00,560 --> 01:08:03,400
Every morning was the war bulletin.

904
01:08:03,560 --> 01:08:08,280
You'd tune the radio in and see who
had gotten shot that very day.

905
01:08:08,440 --> 01:08:11,440
And every day, something would occur.

906
01:08:11,600 --> 01:08:14,480
A manager, a judge.

907
01:08:14,640 --> 01:08:18,240
FIAT executives were prime targets.

908
01:08:40,680 --> 01:08:43,440
My father, he was going
to go to the office.

909
01:08:43,600 --> 01:08:47,200
He left my mother in the
garage downstairs, the house,

910
01:08:47,360 --> 01:08:50,560
and took his car.
And these people were waiting for him.

911
01:08:52,440 --> 01:08:55,360
They had been following
my father for weeks.

912
01:08:57,240 --> 01:09:01,440
Two of them came behind him
and shoot him.

913
01:10:09,520 --> 01:10:14,080
Gianni was very distressed
about the situation.

914
01:10:14,240 --> 01:10:19,280
And also about...
kidnapping.

915
01:11:35,600 --> 01:11:37,760
After 53 days in captivity,

916
01:11:37,920 --> 01:11:41,560
the Red Brigades
assassinated Aldo Moro,

917
01:11:41,720 --> 01:11:44,040
Prime Minister of Italy.

918
01:11:54,800 --> 01:11:57,840
Agnelli was pessimistic on Italy.

919
01:11:58,000 --> 01:12:00,880
He considered
that the country was lost.

920
01:12:03,400 --> 01:12:06,120
The Brigate Rosse wanted to kill him.

921
01:12:06,280 --> 01:12:08,040
Of that, there's no doubt.

922
01:12:11,480 --> 01:12:13,520
They closed down Villar Perosa

923
01:12:13,680 --> 01:12:18,080
because there's 360 acres.

924
01:12:18,240 --> 01:12:20,760
There was absolutely no way you
could close the place off.

925
01:12:23,760 --> 01:12:25,240
If somebody wanted to do something,

926
01:12:25,400 --> 01:12:27,600
put a bomb or something into the house,

927
01:12:27,760 --> 01:12:29,240
they could do it.

928
01:12:32,120 --> 01:12:35,960
Many fellow industrialists left Italy.

929
01:12:36,120 --> 01:12:38,720
Gianni never even thought about that.

930
01:12:39,760 --> 01:12:41,480
He stayed in his town,

931
01:12:41,640 --> 01:12:44,600
went to the factory every day,
went to his office.

932
01:12:44,760 --> 01:12:47,000
He was convinced that it would signal

933
01:12:47,160 --> 01:12:49,640
to other people in the world
that he believed in Italy

934
01:12:49,800 --> 01:12:51,640
and therefore,
they would believe in Italy.

935
01:12:53,880 --> 01:12:56,040
He would drive his own car,

936
01:12:56,200 --> 01:12:59,000
losing the escort, the police car

937
01:12:59,160 --> 01:13:01,120
that were preceding and following him.

938
01:13:03,760 --> 01:13:06,360
He had this FIAT car
because it was important

939
01:13:06,520 --> 01:13:08,680
that he, as the head of FIAT,
had a FIAT car,

940
01:13:08,840 --> 01:13:12,880
but the motor was obviously a Ferrari.

941
01:13:15,560 --> 01:13:17,680
He was extremely clever

942
01:13:17,840 --> 01:13:20,920
in changing his own itinerary

943
01:13:21,080 --> 01:13:24,040
every way to go to FIAT.

944
01:13:24,200 --> 01:13:27,920
He made sure the Turin people
knew he was there.

945
01:13:28,920 --> 01:13:30,680
It happened several times.

946
01:13:30,840 --> 01:13:34,360
He said, "Let's go and
walk through Via Roma

947
01:13:34,520 --> 01:13:38,080
that is the central Turin
5th Avenue."

948
01:13:38,240 --> 01:13:39,640
With no escort.

949
01:13:39,800 --> 01:13:43,480
And with a crowd around
that was telling him,

950
01:13:43,640 --> 01:13:46,240
"Thank you
for being here."

951
01:13:46,400 --> 01:13:47,840
It was normal.

952
01:13:48,000 --> 01:13:50,160
That is dangerous, fine.

953
01:13:50,320 --> 01:13:52,920
Who said that life
should not be dangerous?

954
01:14:15,640 --> 01:14:17,960
A number of people, 61 in particular,

955
01:14:18,120 --> 01:14:21,520
were fired from FIAT Auto.

956
01:14:21,680 --> 01:14:25,800
Many of them were suspected
of being terrorists.

957
01:14:32,120 --> 01:14:36,840
Predictably, the firings
caused strikes.

958
01:14:43,920 --> 01:14:47,120
There was a negotiation of a contract

959
01:14:47,280 --> 01:14:49,080
of the auto workers,

960
01:14:49,240 --> 01:14:52,520
and there was a long strike
over not one day, two days.

961
01:14:52,680 --> 01:14:54,000
Many days.

962
01:14:56,080 --> 01:14:58,280
Most of the Communist party in Italy,

963
01:14:58,440 --> 01:15:00,760
they respect the idea

964
01:15:00,920 --> 01:15:04,680
of FIAT as a private industry.

965
01:15:06,400 --> 01:15:11,480
But they were a radical area.

966
01:15:13,000 --> 01:15:14,640
They had the idea

967
01:15:14,800 --> 01:15:18,040
to change the country completely.

968
01:15:30,000 --> 01:15:33,120
The head of the Communist
party, Berlinguer,

969
01:15:33,280 --> 01:15:36,880
did a speech at the gates
of the Mirafiori complex.

970
01:15:41,240 --> 01:15:43,640
He said, "Should it be necessary,

971
01:15:43,800 --> 01:15:47,360
we could occupy
FIAT's plants."

972
01:17:45,040 --> 01:17:48,920
Suddenly, the middle ranks
of the FIAT workers

973
01:17:49,080 --> 01:17:51,160
organized a march.

974
01:18:12,280 --> 01:18:16,440
40,000 people marched
through the city of Torino

975
01:18:16,600 --> 01:18:20,320
demanding that they be given
the right to go back to work.

976
01:18:31,640 --> 01:18:33,360
It was an absolutely
stunning development

977
01:18:33,520 --> 01:18:37,600
because nothing of the sort
had ever happened in Italy,

978
01:18:37,760 --> 01:18:42,200
and it completely stunned
the organizers of that strike.

979
01:18:42,360 --> 01:18:43,680
And they immediately gave up.

980
01:18:43,840 --> 01:18:46,160
They said, "Okay, we were defeated.

981
01:18:46,320 --> 01:18:48,720
We give up.
Tell us what you want."

982
01:18:48,880 --> 01:18:51,200
"Let's make an agreement here

983
01:18:51,360 --> 01:18:55,200
and close this very bloody
chapter of Italian history."

984
01:19:27,920 --> 01:19:31,640
In 1981, things really
turned around for FIAT

985
01:19:31,800 --> 01:19:33,360
and for the Italian economy.

986
01:19:35,440 --> 01:19:40,440
The '80s are completely,
completely different.

987
01:19:40,600 --> 01:19:43,280
In Italy, there's an obvious
and growing prosperity.

988
01:19:43,440 --> 01:19:46,960
And much of it is due
to FIAT's success.

989
01:19:47,120 --> 01:19:49,720
Italy's become the talk of Europe.

990
01:19:49,880 --> 01:19:52,640
Its emergence as a new economic power.

991
01:19:52,800 --> 01:19:55,880
To what do you attribute this strength?

992
01:19:56,040 --> 01:19:58,360
Industrial relations have settled

993
01:19:58,520 --> 01:20:02,840
with a better relationship with
the workmen and the industry.

994
01:20:03,000 --> 01:20:04,920
Mr. Agnelli, what is
the best automobile

995
01:20:05,080 --> 01:20:06,520
in the entire world?

996
01:20:06,680 --> 01:20:09,800
Well, I think the best buy is a FIAT.

997
01:20:09,960 --> 01:20:12,840
Hmm?

998
01:20:13,000 --> 01:20:15,200
FIAT at that time had the resources

999
01:20:15,360 --> 01:20:17,360
to buy back Gaddafi.

1000
01:20:17,520 --> 01:20:20,800
So this huge operation was engineered.

1001
01:20:22,040 --> 01:20:25,760
It was very expensive to get rid

1002
01:20:25,920 --> 01:20:29,120
of the Gaddafi people, but he did.

1003
01:20:29,280 --> 01:20:32,040
When Italy gets better in the '80s,

1004
01:20:32,200 --> 01:20:35,280
L'Avvocatois seen as a unifying figure.

1005
01:20:36,520 --> 01:20:39,600
There were money for the unions,
there were money for the workers.

1006
01:20:39,760 --> 01:20:42,000
FIAT was doing very, very well.

1007
01:21:01,360 --> 01:21:05,360
Gianni was diagnosed
with prostate cancer.

1008
01:21:05,520 --> 01:21:09,600
He was tired and he would have
liked to take a step back.

1009
01:21:44,560 --> 01:21:49,160
By the early '90s,
FIAT was leaking cash.

1010
01:21:49,320 --> 01:21:52,440
Enrico Cuccia used this as a lever

1011
01:21:52,600 --> 01:21:55,720
to impose Romiti.

1012
01:21:55,880 --> 01:21:59,440
Cuccia said Gianni had to
stay on himself as chairman

1013
01:21:59,600 --> 01:22:02,560
and to keep Romiti as chief executive.

1014
01:22:04,680 --> 01:22:08,800
Otherwise, we won't provide
the cash to save the company.

1015
01:22:10,520 --> 01:22:13,320
Gianni had to let down his brother.

1016
01:22:13,480 --> 01:22:15,440
Romiti had won.

1017
01:22:33,320 --> 01:22:36,040
Gianni, who never swam in the pool,

1018
01:22:36,200 --> 01:22:37,680
suddenly jumped in the pool.

1019
01:22:38,640 --> 01:22:39,960
As if to cleanse himself

1020
01:22:40,120 --> 01:22:41,880
of something he didn't want to do.

1021
01:23:30,800 --> 01:23:34,560
Five years later,
Cuccia had less influence

1022
01:23:34,720 --> 01:23:40,320
and Gianni was able to finally
get Romiti to retire.

1023
01:23:40,480 --> 01:23:43,920
He was then looking for a new chairman.

1024
01:23:58,320 --> 01:24:00,160
From early childhood,

1025
01:24:00,320 --> 01:24:04,120
Edoardo Agnelli could assume
to be the next boss of FIAT.

1026
01:24:06,320 --> 01:24:09,040
Edoardo was a very intelligent,
very sensitive boy.

1027
01:24:09,200 --> 01:24:13,000
I mean, he was really of good quality.

1028
01:24:13,160 --> 01:24:15,200
But he had all the qualities

1029
01:24:15,360 --> 01:24:18,000
which Gianni could not appreciate

1030
01:24:18,160 --> 01:24:20,400
because he was...
he was sentimental.

1031
01:24:20,560 --> 01:24:25,440
He was an intellectual and totally
different from his father.

1032
01:24:25,600 --> 01:24:30,640
They say that intelligent boys
aren't very, uh...

1033
01:24:33,760 --> 01:24:36,280
courageous...

1034
01:24:36,440 --> 01:24:39,200
because you're stupid

1035
01:24:39,360 --> 01:24:42,240
when you're too courageous.

1036
01:24:42,400 --> 01:24:45,000
But that was something
my brother didn't like.

1037
01:24:47,320 --> 01:24:51,040
He didn't like that Edoardo
wouldn't jump down into the sea

1038
01:24:51,200 --> 01:24:54,840
and go into the waves.

1039
01:24:55,000 --> 01:24:56,520
Gianni would tell Edoardo,

1040
01:24:56,680 --> 01:24:58,400
"Today we're going to go
to the soccer game.

1041
01:24:58,560 --> 01:24:59,920
I'm going to pick you up
at 3:00."

1042
01:25:00,080 --> 01:25:03,320
And then he would never show up
because he'd completely forgotten.

1043
01:25:38,000 --> 01:25:40,880
He came here to Princeton and then...

1044
01:25:42,520 --> 01:25:44,120
things went south.

1045
01:25:46,520 --> 01:25:49,800
Edoardo got heavily
into drugs, into heroin,

1046
01:25:49,960 --> 01:25:54,080
and Gianni probably felt
somehow responsible,

1047
01:25:54,240 --> 01:25:55,640
as well he should.

1048
01:25:58,520 --> 01:26:01,640
There was a succession problem.

1049
01:26:01,800 --> 01:26:06,120
Edoardo was not suitable
for any role in the company.

1050
01:26:06,280 --> 01:26:08,360
On the other hand, Umberto's son,

1051
01:26:08,520 --> 01:26:10,640
Giovanni Alberto,
showed a lot of promise,

1052
01:26:10,800 --> 01:26:14,560
and Gianni thought, "Well,
he is the likely heir."

1053
01:26:14,720 --> 01:26:20,040
Gianni told his brother, "Here is the
next head of FIAT, and it's your son."

1054
01:26:20,200 --> 01:26:23,160
And so, although Umberto was
never going to get the role

1055
01:26:23,320 --> 01:26:25,120
he had been waiting for all his life,

1056
01:26:25,280 --> 01:26:28,720
at that stage at least his son
was going to take over.

1057
01:26:28,880 --> 01:26:32,440
Giovannino was a very clever
boy, very hardworking,

1058
01:26:32,600 --> 01:26:37,280
so we all put a lot of...

1059
01:26:37,440 --> 01:26:38,760
hopes in him.

1060
01:26:38,920 --> 01:26:40,800
He was the one.

1061
01:26:40,960 --> 01:26:42,760
And, you know, everyone knew that

1062
01:26:42,920 --> 01:26:46,800
and... then he wasn't there
anymore

1063
01:26:46,960 --> 01:26:51,080
in a very, very fast way.

1064
01:26:51,240 --> 01:26:55,960
He was 32 when
they discovered this cancer.

1065
01:26:56,120 --> 01:26:57,560
They discovered it, like, in the spring

1066
01:26:57,720 --> 01:26:59,560
and he was dead
by the end of that year.

1067
01:27:01,440 --> 01:27:03,080
He was this beautiful, beautiful boy,

1068
01:27:03,240 --> 01:27:04,880
so full of life.

1069
01:27:05,040 --> 01:27:08,120
He had just gotten married.
He was waiting for a baby.

1070
01:27:08,280 --> 01:27:10,520
He was always smiling.
He was always laughing.

1071
01:27:10,680 --> 01:27:13,720
He was...
he had everything.

1072
01:27:15,200 --> 01:27:19,680
Umberto was absolutely struck dead.

1073
01:27:19,840 --> 01:27:23,960
He never got out of the story
about Giovannino.

1074
01:27:29,360 --> 01:27:32,560
Life has to...
has to go on,

1075
01:27:32,720 --> 01:27:36,080
so Agnelli told me...

1076
01:27:37,520 --> 01:27:40,120
I had to fill the position
in the board.

1077
01:27:40,280 --> 01:27:45,400
The only person in the dynasty line...

1078
01:27:46,360 --> 01:27:48,200
was John.

1079
01:27:48,360 --> 01:27:50,200
He found one of his grandsons

1080
01:27:50,360 --> 01:27:51,960
that he really liked.

1081
01:27:53,760 --> 01:27:57,120
He said, "My grandfather put
me into the board of FIAT

1082
01:27:57,280 --> 01:28:00,600
when I was 21, so I don't see
why I shouldn't do the same."

1083
01:28:00,760 --> 01:28:03,240
He asked me if I would go
with him in his room,

1084
01:28:03,400 --> 01:28:05,760
and so I went with him in his room.

1085
01:28:05,920 --> 01:28:10,400
And he basically said, "I'm thinking
of appointing you to the board."

1086
01:28:11,440 --> 01:28:14,120
And that was basically it.

1087
01:28:16,680 --> 01:28:19,760
I think he was an amazing grandfather.

1088
01:28:19,920 --> 01:28:22,160
I wouldn't have wanted to be his kid.

1089
01:28:25,280 --> 01:28:28,400
We had lunch
and I remember at some point,

1090
01:28:28,560 --> 01:28:32,760
Edoardo said something
and... and Gianni...

1091
01:28:32,920 --> 01:28:35,040
really lashed out at him.

1092
01:28:35,200 --> 01:28:37,800
And so I thought, you know, "I can't
believe that after all these years,

1093
01:28:37,960 --> 01:28:41,280
their relationship is still so strained

1094
01:28:41,440 --> 01:28:44,640
with a lack of respect
on the part of his father."

1095
01:28:48,760 --> 01:28:52,520
That was three days
before Edoardo took his life.

1096
01:28:55,160 --> 01:28:57,360
He jumped from 100 meters.

1097
01:29:33,280 --> 01:29:35,520
The call came,

1098
01:29:35,680 --> 01:29:40,080
and when Marella came back
to the table,

1099
01:29:40,240 --> 01:29:45,840
she was visibly distraught

1100
01:29:46,000 --> 01:29:49,320
and she said that she wanted
to go for a walk.

1101
01:29:53,680 --> 01:29:55,800
She said now she knows why her father

1102
01:29:55,960 --> 01:29:59,680
told her the story about
Francis of Assisi and Clare.

1103
01:30:01,760 --> 01:30:05,960
Clare's friend had thrown
himself off the bridge.

1104
01:30:06,120 --> 01:30:10,080
And St. Francis
wrote Clare saying,

1105
01:30:10,240 --> 01:30:12,720
"Clare, Clare, do not despair.

1106
01:30:12,880 --> 01:30:15,840
Between the bridge and
the water, I was there."

1107
01:30:17,720 --> 01:30:23,320
My grandfather sadly had to go
alone to recognize his son.

1108
01:30:23,480 --> 01:30:28,120
And he had my uncle
restitched and reput in...

1109
01:30:28,280 --> 01:30:31,640
in an acceptable way

1110
01:30:31,800 --> 01:30:34,440
for my grandmother to see him.

1111
01:30:36,160 --> 01:30:39,280
Gianni was completely devastated

1112
01:30:39,440 --> 01:30:41,760
and he said to me,

1113
01:30:41,920 --> 01:30:43,440
"God, you must have lots of guts

1114
01:30:43,600 --> 01:30:46,120
to throw yourself down
from that sort of bridge."

1115
01:30:47,840 --> 01:30:51,680
Edoardo did it to show
his father he had guts.

1116
01:30:55,000 --> 01:30:57,280
When Edoardo died,

1117
01:30:57,440 --> 01:31:00,680
we went for the funeral

1118
01:31:00,840 --> 01:31:03,520
to the house in Villar Perosa.

1119
01:31:04,680 --> 01:31:08,760
Gianni at the end said,

1120
01:31:08,920 --> 01:31:12,600
"We should never forget
that this was a happy house.

1121
01:31:12,760 --> 01:31:15,840
But this is not
a happy house now."

1122
01:31:18,800 --> 01:31:20,720
I wrote him a letter.

1123
01:31:22,360 --> 01:31:26,680
And I told him to go to that...

1124
01:31:32,160 --> 01:31:37,480
that if he went to
the Museum of Natural History

1125
01:31:37,640 --> 01:31:40,240
and looked at the cosmos...

1126
01:31:41,360 --> 01:31:44,080
he might think that there is...

1127
01:31:45,600 --> 01:31:49,800
an ultimate finish
that we can't understand.

1128
01:31:49,960 --> 01:31:51,480
Or maybe not.

1129
01:31:53,480 --> 01:31:58,160
And he never answered that
letter until a year later.

1130
01:31:59,640 --> 01:32:04,040
And, uh...
said he had done it

1131
01:32:04,200 --> 01:32:06,680
and it had had some meaning for him.

1132
01:32:09,760 --> 01:32:13,640
He got hit much more
than my grandmother.

1133
01:32:13,800 --> 01:32:17,600
That made his body weaken.

1134
01:32:18,760 --> 01:32:20,960
Everything went downhill.

1135
01:32:46,240 --> 01:32:50,880
He fell in a... into a state of...
what I thought was depression.

1136
01:32:51,040 --> 01:32:53,040
It was one of the saddest
things I've ever seen

1137
01:32:53,200 --> 01:32:55,040
because...

1138
01:32:56,760 --> 01:33:01,000
you suddenly see a titan,
somebody who's larger than life,

1139
01:33:01,160 --> 01:33:04,840
somebody that you really
thought would never die

1140
01:33:05,000 --> 01:33:06,400
completely defeated.

1141
01:33:21,880 --> 01:33:24,760
His funeral created the largest crowd

1142
01:33:24,920 --> 01:33:27,320
that the city of Turin has ever seen.

1143
01:33:51,240 --> 01:33:55,840
Workers, people of his own city

1144
01:33:56,000 --> 01:33:58,800
queued in...
in a cold winter day.

1145
01:34:00,080 --> 01:34:02,280
When we stood up there,

1146
01:34:02,440 --> 01:34:06,720
all the family, my hands hurt so much,

1147
01:34:06,880 --> 01:34:09,120
I couldn't...
I had to give my left hand

1148
01:34:09,280 --> 01:34:12,320
because I couldn't give
my right hand anymore.

1149
01:34:12,480 --> 01:34:14,640
And so many people said,

1150
01:34:14,800 --> 01:34:16,440
"I got something from your brother.

1151
01:34:16,600 --> 01:34:18,680
I got something.
I had a friendship.

1152
01:34:18,840 --> 01:34:20,920
I had...
he gave work to my son.

1153
01:34:21,080 --> 01:34:22,600
He gave work to my brother."
You know.

1154
01:34:24,600 --> 01:34:29,200
And they said, "When things
in Turin were going badly...

1155
01:34:30,600 --> 01:34:34,240
we heard a helicopter
pass through there.

1156
01:34:34,400 --> 01:34:39,000
We knew he was arriving in town
and we were happy about it."

1157
01:34:51,600 --> 01:34:53,120
He would never admit it,
but he knew he was

1158
01:34:53,280 --> 01:34:56,200
the Prince of Italy.

1159
01:34:56,360 --> 01:35:00,600
He was the international
image of Italy.

1160
01:35:00,760 --> 01:35:03,720
The most glamorous man in Italy.

1161
01:35:03,880 --> 01:35:08,160
He was the epitome
of what an Italian should be.

1162
01:35:09,560 --> 01:35:14,160
Very polite, popular with ladies,

1163
01:35:14,320 --> 01:35:18,840
flamboyant enough, not too much.

1164
01:35:20,200 --> 01:35:25,000
Stable in a period of instability.

1165
01:35:26,080 --> 01:35:30,280
He was really a...
a prince.

1166
01:38:09,760 --> 01:38:13,200
Christmas cards were always
done by my grandmother.

1167
01:38:13,360 --> 01:38:18,920
My grandfather was alive
Christmas 2002, 2003.

1168
01:38:19,080 --> 01:38:24,600
He decided to work
on his own Christmas card.

1169
01:38:24,760 --> 01:38:28,160
So he carefully picked
three pictures...

1170
01:38:28,320 --> 01:38:30,440
of Stealth, which is this sailing boat

1171
01:38:30,600 --> 01:38:33,840
he was very proud to have built;

1172
01:38:34,000 --> 01:38:38,920
of Ferrari, who in 2002
won the world championship;

1173
01:38:39,080 --> 01:38:43,160
and finally, Juventus won
the Italian championship,

1174
01:38:43,320 --> 01:38:46,000
the scudetto, in 2002.

1175
01:38:46,160 --> 01:38:48,400
He really wanted

1176
01:38:48,560 --> 01:38:52,160
to give a sign of vitality.

1177
01:38:52,320 --> 01:38:57,800
And it was a way of lifting the spirit.